International Journal of Higher Education Management
Volume 11 Issue 02 (August 2025)
Issue citation and reference package
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1. Data-driven business strategies with the power of the K-means algorithm
Authors: Md Mizanur Rahman; Palto Datta
Published: 15 Sep 2025
Article URL: https://ijhem.com/details&cid=108
References: Annas, M. and Wahab, S. N., 2023. Data mining methods: K-means clustering algorithms. International Journal of Cyber and IT service management, 3(1). ISSN: 2797-1325. Arthur, D. and Vassilvitskii, S., 2007. K-Means++: The advantage of careful seeding in Proc. 18th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, SODA 2007, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. Bereta, L., Cohen-Addad, V., Lattanzi, S. and Parotsidis, N., 2023. Multi-swap K-means++ in Proc. of the 37th International Conference on Neural information processing Systems, Article no: 1135. pp. 26069-26091. New Orleans LA USA. Bishop, C. M. and Bishop, H., 2023. Deep Learning: Foundations and Concepts. Springer. Cham, Switzerland. Dalmaijer, E. S., Nord, C. L and Astle, D. E., 2022. Statistical power for cluster analysis. BMC Bioinformatics, vol. 23. Article number 205. Frost, N., Moshkovitz, M and Rashtchian, C., 2020. ExKMC: Expanding Explainable k-Means clustering. arXiv preprint arXiv:2006.02399. Available at: https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.02399  Hastie, T., Tibshirani, R. and Friedman, J., 2009. The Elements of Statistical Learning: Data mining, Inference, and Prediction. Springer. New York, NY. Herdiana, I., Kamal, M. A., Triyani, Estri, M. N. and Renny, 2025. A more precise elbow method for optimum K-means clustering. arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.00851. Available at: https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.00851 Hossain, M. Z., Akhtar, M. N., Ahmad, R.B., and Rahman, M., 2019. A dynamic K-Means clustering for data mining. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 13(2). pp. 521 – 526. Husein, A.M., Waruwu, F.K., Batu Bara, Y.M.T., Donpril, M. and others, 2021. Clustering Algorithm For Determining Marketing Targets Based on Customer Purchase Patterns And Behaviors. Sinkron: Jurnal dan Penelitian Teknik Informatika, 6(1), pp.137–143. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/355591874_Clustering_Algorithm_For_Determining_Marketing_Targets_Based_Customer_Purchase_Patterns_And_Behaviors Ikotun, A. M., Ezugwu, A. E., Abualigah, L., Abuhaija, B., and Heming, J., 2023. K-means clustering algorithms: A comprehensive review, variants, and advances in the era of big data, Scientific Reports, vol. 622, April 2023, pp. 178-210. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-33214-y John, J.M., Shobayo, O. and Ogunleye, B., 2024. An Exploration of Clustering Algorithms for Customer Segmentation in the UK Retail Market. arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.04103. Available at: https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.04103 Lam, D. and Wunsch, D., 2014. Clustering. Signal Processing: Signal processing Theory and Machine Learning, Signal Processing Theory and Machine Learning, vol. 1, pp. 1115-1149. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285180280_Clustering, DOI: DOI:10.1016/B978-0-12-396502-8.00020-6 Lang, A. and Schubert, E., 2024. Accelerating K-Means clustering with Cover Trees* in Proc. of International Conference on Similarity and Search Applications (SISAP 2023). Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS, Volume 14289). Lattanzi, S. and Soler, C., 2019. A better K-means++ algorithm via local search in Proc. of the 36th International Conference on Machine Learning, PMLR97. Volume 97, pp. 3662—3671. Found at https://proceedings.mlr.press/v97/lattanzi19a.html. San Diego CA, USA. Lee, S. S. and Lin, J. C., 2012. An accelerated K-means clustering algorithm using selection and erasure rules. Journal of Zhejiang university SCIENCE C, vol. 13, pp. 761-768. Springer nature link found at https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.C1200078. Li, Y. and Wu, H., 2012. A clustering method based on K-Means algorithm, 2012. International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials Science. Physics Procedia, vol. 25 (2012), pp.1104 – 1109. Manish, S. and Sanjay, S., 2024. A review on analysis of K-Means clustering machine learning algorithm based on unsupervised learning. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Systems, vol. 6, pp. 85-95. ISSN: 2642-2859. Mnih, V., Kavukcuoglu, K., Silver, D, and Rusu, A. A., 2015. Human-level control through deep reinforcement learning. Nature, 518(7540), pp. 529-533. DOI: 10.1038/nature14236 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25719670/ Mohammadi, S. O., Kalhor, A., and Bodaghi, H., 2021. H-Splits: Improved K-Means clustering algorithm to automatically detect the number of clusters. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. University of Tehran, Iran. Napolean, D. and Pavalakodi, S., 2011. A new method for dimensionality reduction using K-Means clustering algorithm for high dimensional data set. International Journal of Computer Applications, 13(7). DOI: 10.5120/1789-2471 https://www.ijcaonline.org/archives/volume13/number7/1789-2471/ Oti, E. U., Olusola, M. O., Eze, F. C. and Enogwe, S. U., 2021. Comprehensive Review of K-Means Clustering Algorithms, International Journal of Advances in scientific Research and Engineering, 7(8). pp. 64—69. E-ISSN: 2454-8006. DOI: 10.31695/IJASRE.2021.34050 Pasin, O. and Gonenc, S., 2023. An investigation into epidemiological situations of COVID with fuzzy K-means and K-prototype clustering methods. Scientific Reports, vol. 13. Article number 6255.  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-33214-y. Sinaga, K. P. and Yang, M. S., 2020. Unsupervised K-Means Clustering Algorithm. IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 80716 – 80727, ISSN: 2169-3536. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2988796 https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?referenceid=3464953 Singh, S. and Gill, N. S., 2013. Analysis and study of K-means clustering algorithm. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 2(7). ISSN: 2278-0181. Sutton, R. S. and Barto, A. G., 2018. Reinforcement Learning: An introduction. MIT Press. Second Edition. Cambridge, MA. http://incompleteideas.net/book/the-book-2nd.html Suyal, M. and Sharma, S., 2024. A review on analysis of K-Means clustering machine learning algorithm based on unsupervised learning. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Systems, vol. 6, pp. 85-95. ISSN: 2642-2859. Wongoutong, C., 2024. The impact of neglecting features scaling in K-means clustering. PLoS One, 19(12). Mae Fah Luang University, Thailand. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11623793/. Xiao, B., Wang, Z., Liu, Q. and Liu, X., 2018. SMK-means: an improved mini batch K-means algorithm based on mapreduce with big data. Tech Science Press, 1(1), pp. 1-5. Xie, W., Wang, X. and Xu, B., 2020. An improved K-means clustering algorithm based on density selection in Proc. of the 2020 international Conference on Machine Learning and big data Analytics for IoT Security and Privacy, 2. Shanghai, China November 2020. Yu, l., 2024. The application of K-means clustering algorithm in the evaluation of e-commerce websites. J.  Electrical Systems, 20(6). Zhu, X. and Goldberg, A. B., 2009. Introduction to Semi-Supervised Learning. Morgan and Claypool Publishers. Series: Synthesis Lectures on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning , ISBN: 978-1-59829-547-4. San Rafael, CA. Zubair, M., Iqbal, M. A., Shil, A., Chowdhury, M. J. M., Moni, M. A. and Sarkar, I. H., 2024. An improved K-means clustering algorithm towards an efficient data-driven modelling. Annals of Data Science (2024), 11(5), pp. 1525 – 1544.
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2. Utilizing Emotional Intelligence in Teaching to Foster Economic Integration: The Application of Economic Simulation Models in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Lara AbdelRazik
Published: 05 Oct 2025
Article URL: https://ijhem.com/details&cid=109
References: Busch, C. (2014) ECGBL2014-8th European Conference on Games Based Learning: ECGBL2014, Google Books. Available at: https://books.google.com/books/about/ECGBL2014_8th_European_Conference_on_ Gam.html?id=IedEBQAAQBAJ (Accessed: 09 July 2025). Campos, N. et al. (2020) Simulation-based education involving online and on-campus models in different European Universities - International Journal of Educational Technology in higher education, SpringerOpen. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-0181-y (Accessed: 09 July 2025). Doi name 10.1109 values (no date a). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1109 (Accessed: 09 July 2025). Dr. Joanna Petrides PSY.D., NPI 1821496936 - psychologist in Stratford, NJ (no date). Available at: https://npiprofile.com/npi/1821496936 (Accessed: 09 July 2025). Emotional intelligence - Peter Salovey, John D. Mayer, 1990 (no date a). Available at: https://doi.org/10.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG (Accessed: 09 July 2025). Foundations of game-based learning (no date a). Available at: https://files.eric.ed.gov/ fulltext/EJ1090277.pdf (Accessed: 09 July 2025). Ghaffarzadegan, N. (no date) Simulation-based what-if analysis for controlling the spread of covid-19 in universities, PLOS ONE. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246323 (Accessed: 09 July 2025). Informs (no date a). Available at: https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/pdf/10.1287/ited.2019.0227 (Accessed: 09 July 2025). Kurdi, S.F. and Hamdy, N.A. (2020) Emotional intelligence: What do we know and what is new? A review., Minia Journal of Medical Research. Available at: https://doi.org/10.21608/mjmr.2022.221099 (Accessed: 09 July 2025). O’Neil, J. (1995) On emotional intelligence: A conversation with Daniel Goleman., Educational Leadership. Available at: https://eric.ed.gov/? q=intelligence%2BAND% 2Bemotional% 2BAND%2BDaniel%2BAND%2BGoleman&pg=2&id=EJ530623 (Accessed: 09 July 2025). Pejić Bach, M. et al. (2020) Usage of simulation games in Higher Educational Institutions Teaching Economics and Business, ENTRENOVA - ENTerprise REsearch InNOVAtion. Available at: https://hrcak.srce.hr/250935 (Accessed: 09 July 2025). Silva, R.J.R. da, Rodrigues, R.G. and Leal, C.T.P. (2019) Gamification in management education: A systematic literature review, BAR - Brazilian Administration Review. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-7692bar2019180103 (Accessed: 09 July 2025).
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3. Sustainable Development through Entrepreneurial Journey and Skill Based Education in Developing Country like India
Authors: Pranam Dhar; Debnarayan Saha; Pritam Dhara
Published: 05 Oct 2025
Article URL: https://ijhem.com/details&cid=110
References: Amrutrao, S. A. Breaking Barriers: NEP 2020's Potential to Transform Professional Education and Industry Placement in India. Maharashtra State Commerce Association, 14. Bag, A., & Chattopadhyay, K. (2024). Women’s empowerment through vocational and technical education (vte): opportunities, challenges and societal impact. vidya-a journal of gujarat university, 3(2), 145-151. Corner, S. (2009). Choosing the right type of rotation in PCA and EFA. JALT testing & evaluation SIG newsletter, 13(3), 20-25. Gupta, S. Entrepreneurship Opportunities for Women: NEP 2020 and Startup Ecosystem. Harwood, T. G., & Garry, T. (2003). An overview of content analysis. The marketing review, 3(4), 479-498. Kalyani, P. (2020). An empirical study on NEP 2020 [National Education Policy] with special reference to the future of Indian education system and its effects on the Stakeholders. Journal of Management Engineering and Information Technology, 7(5), 1-17. Kumar, A. (2021). New education policy (NEP) 2020: A roadmap for India 2.0. University of South Florida (USF) M3 Publishing, 3(2021), 36. Paschal, S., & Srivastav, N. (2022). NEP 2020–Narrowing the Skills Gap and Equipping New Skills through Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT), 2(1). Shukla, B., Joshi, M., Sujatha, R., Beena, T., & Kumar, H. (2022). Demystifying Approaches of Holistic and Multidisciplinary Education for Diverse Career Opportunities: NEP 2020. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 15(14), 603-607. Singh, K. J., & Gunasekaran, V. (2024). Vocational Education In India: A Policy Analysis And Case Study Of NEP 2020 Implementation. Baileo: Jurnal Sosial Humaniora, 2(1), 76-85. Stapleton, C. D. (1997). Basic Concepts in Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) as a Tool To Evaluate Score Validity: A Right-Brained Approach. Stemler, S. E. (2015). Content analysis. Emerging trends in the social and behavioral sciences: An Interdisciplinary, Searchable, and Linkable Resource, 1, 1-14. Sundaram, K. M. (2020). A Study on National Education Policy 2020 Concerning Career Opportunities. Shanlax International Journal of Economics, 9(1), 63-67. Trend, A. S. F. Inspire inclusion: aspiring spirit of women in business through nep 2020. university institute of laws bulletin, 1.
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4. The privilege to be authentic: Positionality and leadership
Authors: Jacob Bucher; Suhad Tabahi; Nicki Gonzales; Erin Winterrowd
Published: 05 Oct 2025
Article URL: https://ijhem.com/details&cid=111
References: Ahmed, S. (2012). On being included: Racism and diversity in institutional life. Duke University Press. Anzaldúa G. (1987). Borderlands/La frontera: The new mestiza. Aunt Lute Books. American Association of University Professors. (2023). Political interference and academic freedom: New threats to higher education. https://www.aaup.org American Association of University Professors. (2024). Academic freedom under siege: The impact of political threats on campus discourse. https://www.aaup.org Avolio, B. J., and Gardner, W. L. (2005). Authentic leadership development: Getting to the root of positive forms of leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 315–338. Brown, B. (2019). Dare to lead: Brave work. Tough conversations. Whole hearts. Random House. Butler, J. (2020). The force of nonviolence: An ethico-political bind. Verso Books. Case, A. D., and Hunter, C. D. (2012). Counterspaces: A unit of analysis for understanding the role of settings in marginalized individuals’ adaptive responses to oppression. American Journal of Community Psychology, 50(1-2), 257–270. Crenshaw, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A Black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1989(1), 139–167. Crenshaw, K. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 1241–1299. Delgado Bernal D., Burciaga R., Flores Carmona J. (2012). Chicana/Latina testimonios: Mapping the methodological, pedagogical, and political. Equity & Excellence in Education, 45(3), 363–372. Dugan, J. P. (2017). Leadership theory: Cultivating critical perspectives. John Wiley & Sons. Eagly, A. H., and Chin, J. L. (2010). Diversity and leadership in a changing world. American Psychologist, 65(3), 216–224. Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the oppressed.  Herder & Herder. Gardner, W. L., Cogliser, C. C., Davis, K. M., and Dickens, M. P. (2021). Authentic leadership: A review of the literature and research agenda. The Leadership Quarterly, 32(5). Giroux, H. A. (2020). Neoliberalism’s war on higher education (2nd ed.). Haymarket Books. Hamad, Ruby (2020). White Tears/Brown Scars: How White Feminism betrays Women of Color. Catapult. hooks, b. (2003). Teaching community: A pedagogy of hope. Routledge. Hopwood, Christopher J., Evan W. Good, Alytia A. Levendosky, Johannes Zimmerman, Daniela Dumat, Eli J. Finkel, Paul E. Eastwick, and Wiebke Bleidorn (2021). Realness is a Core Feature of Authenticity. Journal of Research in Personality. June 2021, Volume 92. Hurtado A. (2003). Theory in the flesh: Toward an endarkened epistemology. Qualitative Studies in Education, 16(2), 215–225. LaFasto, F., and Larson, C. (2001). When teams work best: 6,000 team members and leaders tell what it takes to succeed. SAGE Publications. Patel, L. (2016). Decolonizing educational research: From ownership to answerability. Routledge. Patton, L. D. (2016). Disrupting postsecondary prose: Toward a critical race theory of higher education. Urban Education, 51(3), 315–342.   Patton, L. D., and Catching, C. (2009). "Teaching while Black": Narratives of African American student affairs faculty. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 22(6), 713–728. Perez Huber, L., and Solorzano, D. G. (2015). Racial microaggressions as a tool for critical race research. Race, Ethnicity and Education, 18(3), 297–320. Sensoy, Ö., and DiAngelo, R. (2017). Is everyone really equal? An introduction to key concepts in social justice education (2nd ed.). Teachers College Press. Shamir, B., and Eilam, G. (2005). "What's your story?": A life-stories approach to authentic leadership development. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(3), 395–417. Shorey, H. S., and Lopez, S. J. (2009). 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5. Digital transformations & innovations in business PG Education: Rethinking curriculum development and teaching practices
Authors: Evangelia Fragouli
Published: 05 Oct 2025
Article URL: https://ijhem.com/details&cid=112
References: Barnett, R. (2011). Being a University. Routledge. Barnett, R., & Coate, K. (2005). Engaging the Curriculum in Higher Education. Open University Press. Biesta, G. (2015). What is education for? On good education, teacher judgement, and educational professionalism. European Journal of Education, 50(1), 75–87. Bond, M., Bedenlier, S., Marín, V. I., & Händel, M. (2021). Emergency remote teaching in higher education: Mapping the first global online semester. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 18(1), 50. Chai, C. S., Koh, J. H. L., & Tsai, C. C. (2013). A review of technological pedagogical content knowledge. Educational Technology & Society, 16(2), 31–51. Crawford, K. (2021). Atlas of AI: Power, Politics, and the Planetary Costs of Artificial Intelligence. Yale University Press. Fullan, M. (2007). The New Meaning of Educational Change (4th ed.). Teachers College Press. Fawns, T. (2022). An entangled pedagogy: Looking beyond the pedagogy–technology dichotomy. Postdigital Science and Education, 4(1), 1–19. Holmes, W., Bialik, M., & Fadel, C. (2021). Artificial Intelligence in Education: Promises and Implications for Teaching and Learning. Center for Curriculum Redesign. Jisc. (2022). Digital transformation in higher education. Retrieved from https://www.jisc.ac.uk/reports/digital-transformation-in-he Knox, J. (2020). Artificial Intelligence and Education in China. Learning, Media and Technology, 45(3), 298–311. Laurillard, D. (2012). Teaching as a Design Science: Building Pedagogical Patterns for Learning and Technology. Routledge. Luckin, R., Holmes, W., Griffiths, M., & Forcier, L. B. (2016). Intelligence Unleashed: An Argument for AI in Education. Pearson. Marginson, S. (2016). The Dream Is Over: The Crisis of Clark Kerr’s California Idea of Higher Education. University of California Press. Mezirow, J. (1997). Transformative learning: Theory to practice. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 1997(74), 5–12. Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017–1054. OECD. (2021). The State of Higher Education: One Year into the COVID-19 Pandemic. OECD Publishing. Roll, I., & Wylie, R. (2016). Evolution and revolution in artificial intelligence in education. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 26(2), 582–599. Selwyn, N. (2019). Should robots replace teachers? AI and the future of education. Polity Press. Selwyn, N. (2021). The EdTech Tragedy: Critical perspectives on education technology. Learning, Media and Technology, 46(1), 1–13. Shore, C., & Wright, S. (2015). Governing by numbers: Audit culture, rankings and the new world order. Social Anthropology, 23(1), 22–28. Slaughter, S., & Rhoades, G. (2004). Academic Capitalism and the New Economy: Markets, State, and Higher Education. Johns Hopkins University Press Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education–where are the educators? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 39. West, D., Heath, D., & Huijser, H. (2020). Let’s talk about engagement: Theories and models that shape learning and teaching. Student Success, 11(2), 1–14. Williamson, B., & Eynon, R. (2020). Historical threads, missing links, and future directions in AI in education. Learnin
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